In the 1920s, Murnau became a focal point of the nationalist and national socialist scene. Putsch attempts occurred not only in Munich, but in Murnau itself, in which Hitler sympathizers attempted to seize power locally. As part of the Hitler Putsch, this was the only contemporary documented coup attempt outside Munich. The district president of Upper Bavaria reported in November 1923: "In Murnau, the commander [of the police] was informed of the unbelievable behavior of the local National Socialist leader, Captain (ret.) Gobsch. The main events of this case on the morning of November 9th are as follows: Captain Gobsch came to the gendarmerie station on the morning of November 9th in uniform (medal bar, field sash and pistol) and demanded the release of a machine gun kept by the gendarmerie. If the machine gun was refused, he would hang the station commander. He, Gobsch, had sole command in Murnau. The machine gun that was handed over to Gobsch was returned by the gendarmerie on the same day. Captain Gobsch later told the mayor that he would put a double guard outside his door. However, this threat was not carried out, probably because the mayor assured him that he would throw everyone down the stairs." After the First World War, Austria, as a defeated state, had to cede South Tyrol to Italy. Since 1922, the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini has been pursuing a policy of Italianization in the area that was formerly part of the Habsburg Empire. This upset many people in Germany. The Murnau Staffelsee-Bote also took a stand: "Don't travel to Italy! Don't buy Italian tropical fruits, Italian cars or other products as long as German South Tyrol is enslaved." [...] "So ban everything that is Italian, people, land and goods, relentlessly, ruthlessly, only in this way can the Italians be put back in their place." The symbol of resistance against Italy is the Tyrolean Andreas Hofer, born in 1767, who was executed under Napoleon's rule in 1810. In Murnau there is also the Andreas Hofer League, which opposes the Italianization of South Tyrol: "But we want to prove the loyalty that we owe him and his compatriots, who today endure such indescribable spiritual distress in Italian bonds, by [...] discussing how to remedy this distress and how to reinforce the ban that is flaring up against Italian land and goods throughout the empire."